BATTERY- provides current to energize or excite the alternator and assists in
stabilizing initial alternator output.
ALTERNATOR or GENERATOR- uses mechanical (engine) power to produce
electricity.
ALTERNATOR BELT- links the engine crankshaft pulley with alternator/ generator
pulley to drive the alternator/ generator.
VOLTAGE REGULATOR- ammeter, voltmeter, or warning light to inform the
the operator of charging system condition.
STORAGE BATTERY
The storage battery is the heart of the charging circuit (fig. 2-2). It is an
electrochemical device for producing and storing electricity. A vehicle battery has
several important functions, which are as follows:
It must operate the starting motor, ignition system, electronic fuel injection system,
and other electrical devices for the engine during engine cranking and starting.
It must supply ALL of the electrical power for the vehicle when the engine is not
running.
It must help the charging system provide electricity when current demands are above
the output limit of the charging system.
Figure 2-2.- Gross section of a typical storage battery.
electrical system.
It must store energy (electricity) for extended periods.
The type of battery used in automotive, construction, and weight-handling equipment
is a lead-acid cell-type battery. This type of battery produces direct current (dc)
the electricity that flows in only one direction. When the battery is discharging (current
flowing out of the battery), it changes chemical energy into electrical energy, thereby,
releasing stored energy. During charging (current flowing into the battery from the
charging system), electrical energy is converted into chemical energy. The battery can
then store energy until the vehicle requires it.
